Contribuțiile informale din serviciile publice de sănătate din România

Abstract

The classic approach of the health system analysis is based mainly on the duality of the health systems, divided between the public and the private health sectors. The studies undertaken in the field of health sector financing in the last decades have concluded that in reality the health systems are not characterized by the duality of the services, but rather by a “tetrality” of sectors. Today, especially in Central and Eastern Europe, the health sector can be divided in four sub-sectors: the public-, the private-, the “formal public and private mix”- and the “informal public and private mix” health care sectors. The latest studies have shown that in Romania, informal payments are significant and persist over time / constant. The main problem caused by the existence of informal payments in the health sector is that the effects of health policies implemented by the government are and will be marginalized. The main objective of this study is to highlight the possible causes (financial, economic, political) that have led to the development and the constant growth of such financial contributions. Furthermore, based on causal model we will try to identify the possible solutions and their effects in order to minimize the problems generated by the informal payments.